Last week's market saw significant volatility with stocks finishing sharply higher on Friday despite mid-session turbulence. The S&P 500 ($SPX) (SPY) recovered from earlier losses after the Financial Times reported Boston Fed President Collins expressing readiness to stabilize markets if conditions become disorderly. This coincided with better-than-expected bank earnings and a cooler PPI report, though consumer sentiment plunged to a 2-3/4 year low and inflation expectations soared amid ongoing tariff concerns and US-China trade tensions.

Here are 5 things to watch this week in the Market.

Retail Sales Data

Wednesday's Retail Sales report at 8:30am will provide crucial insights into consumer spending trends. Following the University of Michigan's April consumer sentiment index plummeting to a 2-3/4 year low, this data takes on heightened importance for assessing whether deteriorating sentiment is translating into reduced spending. The market will focus not only on the headline number but also on the composition of spending across different categories for a more nuanced view of consumer behavior. With consumption representing approximately 70% of economic activity, any significant deviation from expectations could impact broader market sentiment. Consumer discretionary stocks, retailers, and payment processors could see notable reactions based on these results, potentially influencing sector rotation strategies.

Fed Chair Powell's Speech

Fed Chair Jerome Powell's speech on Wednesday at 1:15pm represents a pivotal event for market participants seeking clarity on monetary policy direction. With Minneapolis Fed President Kashkari suggesting that tariff-induced inflation makes rate cuts less likely and New York Fed President Williams emphasizing the appropriateness of the current "modestly restrictive" policy stance, Powell's comments will be scrutinized for any validation of these views. Markets are currently discounting only a 25% chance of a rate cut at the May FOMC meeting. The speech's proximity to the retail sales release creates potential for amplified market moves, particularly in rate-sensitive sectors that have been adjusting to diminished expectations for monetary easing in 2025.

Manufacturing Health Assessment

Thursday's Philadelphia Fed Manufacturing Index at 8:30am will offer timely insights into regional industrial activity. With concerns mounting about potential stagflation from tariffs as suggested by St. Louis Fed President Musalem, this report will be closely watched for signs of manufacturing weakness coupled with price pressures. The report's components on new orders, employment, and prices paid will provide valuable forward-looking indicators about business confidence and inflation trends. Industrial stocks, materials suppliers, and transportation companies could experience increased volatility based on these results. The data will be particularly relevant for assessing whether recent tariff developments and suspended capital spending plans are beginning to materially impact domestic manufacturing activity.

Financial Sector Earnings Parade

This week brings a steady stream of major financial institutions reporting earnings, starting with Goldman Sachs (GS) on Monday, followed by Bank of America (BAC) and Citigroup (C) on Tuesday. Thursday features Taiwan Semiconductor (TSM), Netflix (NFLX), UnitedHealth (UNH), and American Express (AXP). These reports will provide valuable insights into corporate America's performance and outlook amid rising inflation concerns and trade tensions. Bank executives' commentary on loan demand, credit quality, and economic outlook will be particularly scrutinized for signs of stress in the financial system. With Q1 earnings growth expectations for S&P 500 companies having declined to +6.7% year-over-year from +11.1% in early November, management guidance will be critical for establishing market direction.

Tariff Implementation Developments

Following President Trump's 90-day pause on higher reciprocal tariffs on 56 nations while maintaining the new 10% baseline tariff, markets will remain highly sensitive to any clarifications or international responses to these trade measures. Particular attention will focus on the escalating US-China tensions after China raised tariffs on all US goods to 125% and warned it would "fight to the end" if the US continues to infringe on its interests. The impact on global supply chains, including the semiconductor industry following the China Semiconductor Association's clarification on chip tariffs, could create sector-specific volatility. With the dollar sinking to a 3-year low and gold prices soaring to all-time highs amid these trade tensions, currency and commodity markets could continue to experience significant moves with spillover effects on equities.

Best of luck this week and don't forget to check out my daily options article.